GERD is a chronic digestive condition where stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining, causing symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and chest pain. It occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) becomes weakened or relaxed, allowing stomach contents to flow back into the esophagus. This can lead to inflammation, ulcers, and other complications such as esophageal stricture and Barrett’s esophagus, which increases the risk of esophageal cancer. Lifestyle changes, medications, and in some cases, surgery are often needed to manage GERD effectively.

Procedures & Interventions

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Drugs like omeprazole and lansoprazole are the most effective treatment for reducing stomach acid and healing esophageal damage.

H2 Blockers

Drugs like ranitidine can also reduce acid production, though they are less potent than PPIs.

Antacids and Antireflux Medications

Over-the-counter antacids and medications such as sucralfate can help neutralize stomach acid and protect the esophagus.

Lifestyle Modifications

Eating smaller meals, avoiding trigger foods (spicy, fatty foods, chocolate), and not lying down immediately after eating can help prevent reflux.

Surgery

In severe cases, surgery such as fundoplication may be necessary to strengthen the LES and prevent acid reflux.

Drugs like omeprazole and lansoprazole are the most effective treatment for reducing stomach acid and healing esophageal damage.

Drugs like ranitidine can also reduce acid production, though they are less potent than PPIs.

Over-the-counter antacids and medications such as sucralfate can help neutralize stomach acid and protect the esophagus.

Eating smaller meals, avoiding trigger foods (spicy, fatty foods, chocolate), and not lying down immediately after eating can help prevent reflux.

In severe cases, surgery such as fundoplication may be necessary to strengthen the LES and prevent acid reflux.

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